ABSTRACT
Background: Understanding current perceptions and opinions of medical students regarding learning pharmacology may prove useful in improving the teaching of this discipline. Students’ feedback would probably reveal whether the so-called reforms are acceptable to them and their opinion for the betterment of teaching/learning Pharmacology subject. Aim: The study aimed to determine the opinion of students regarding the teaching of pharmacology, the best way of knowing and retaining the subject and application of the subject in future practice. Methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out by the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with Medical Education Unit, MSDS Medical College, Fatehgarh among the undergraduate students currently studying the Pharmacology and who were due for appearing in final examination. A 30 item self administered questionnaire was administered to the students in the classrooms just after completion of classes. Time allocated for the completion of the questionnaire was 30 minutes. After compilation of collected data, analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21 (IBM, Chicago, USA). Results: Data of 77 study subjects was analyzed. 77% students were in favour of inclusion of real life case studies and their treatment whereas 73% of the students showed interest in Problem Based Learning. Only one student wanted to include more number of seminars. 45% agreed that pharmacology education had given them capacity for self-directed learning whereas 25% of the students reported oppositely. 58% students were in the view of inclusion of recent advances in Pharmacology curriculum. Conclusion: In general students’ perceptions regarding learning pharmacology was observed to be positive. Its need of an hour to address students point of view to make learning the subject from a futuristic practical therapeutic point of view and simultaneously mitigating the general stigma that the study of this essential medical subject is boring.
ABSTRACT
Background: It is well-appreciated that many communities in developing countries face severe public-health problems relating to drinking-water. The supply of safe water is important to protect the health of the community people. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the bacteriological quality of drinking water from various active sources of water utilized in the catchment area of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Material and methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out by the Department of Microbiology and Community Medicine, MSDS Medical College, Fatehgarh during 2013-14. Randomly selected 100 active water sources which were being used for drinking purpose and a fairly good number of people using that water source for drinking purpose were included in the study. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) guidelines for drinking water quality assessment were adopted. Culture and bacteriological tests of drinking water were performed as per standard protocols. After compilation of collected data, analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21 (IBM, Chicago, USA). Results: Out of one hundred water samples collected, fifty one, twenty seven and twenty two samples of water were collected from municipal tap water, government hand pump and water cooler respectively. Almost half of the samples were found to be unsatisfactory. E. coli was found to be responsible for 26% of samples whereas Pseudomonas in 20% of collected samples. E. coli and Klebsiella tested positive with Methyl Red whereas Pseudomonas sp. and Klebsiella tested positive with Citrate test reagent. E. coli showed positive result with Indole reagent whereas Klebsiella tested positive with Urease. Regarding mix population organisms, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Sp. and Pseudomonas Sp. were found to be positive in 3 samples whereas Klebsiella Sp. and Pseudomonas Sp. were found to be positive only in 1 sample Conclusion: The study highlighted unsafe nature of current active sources in the study area with regard to drinking water purpose which are not fit for consumption of water. Surveillance of water sources and regular bacteriological assessment of all water sources for drinking is recommended on regular basis.